Method of producing a printing form and of evaluating data contained therein



Sept. 30, 1969 w, RlTZERFELD ETAL 3,470,357

METHOD OF PRODUCING A PRINTING FORM AND OF EVALUATING DATA CONTAINED THEREIN Filed June 5, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig./

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METHOD OF PRODUCING A PRINTING FORM AND OF EVALUATING DATA CONTAINED THEREIN 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 5, 1964 Sept. 30, 1969 w. RITZERF'ELD ETAL 3,470,357

METHOD OF PRODUCING A PRINTING FORM AND OF EVALUATING DATA CONTAINED THEREIN United States Patent 3,470,357 METHOD OF PRGDUCING A PRINTING FORM AND OF EVALUATING DATA CDNTAINED THEREIN Wiihelm Ritzerfeld, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany, and 5 Gerhard Ritzfeld, Franzenshader Str. 21, Berlin- Grunewald, Germany; Elvira nee Weiss Ritzerfeld and said Gerhard Ritzerfeld, heirs of said Wilhelm Ritzerfeld, deceased, assignors to said Gerhard Ritzerfeld, Berlin-Schmargendorf, Germany Filed June 5, 1964, Ser. No. 372,824 Claims priority, application Germany, June 7, 1963,

Int. Cl. 066k 7/10 US. Cl. 23561.11 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE On the rear face of a printing form, reverse reading images of digits, and markings representing the same numbers as correlated digits are produced in lines of the printing form so that the information contained in each line of the printing form can be printed, and also read out and stored for data processing.

The present invention concerns a method of recording information on printing form sheet material so as to have its rear face carry a reverse-reading printing form, and markings which can be sensed and read out for data 0 processing. The invention applies particularly to the production of printing forms to be used in the hectographic duplication process.

It is a specific feature of this invention that together with the production of the actual printing form also ceru tain markings are produced on the rear face of the printing form sheet material, these markings being adapted to be read out by photoelectric means. The markings on the rear face of the sheet material may be in certain cases also reproducible and therefore a part of the actual printing form, in other cases they may not be reproducible but nevertheless adapted to be read out by photoelectric means. This concept of the invention is based on the assumption that the specific markings produced on the rear face of the sheet material represent in coded or other way numerical values which may correspond to numerical values otherwise represented in the copy which is typed on the front face of the sheet material.

It is an object of this invention to provide for a method which makes it possible to produce markings of the type set forth in an extremely simple way in the course of producing the ordinary reverse-reading printing form.

It is another object of this invention to provide for such a method in which the markings are arranged in columns and lines corresponding to numerical values occurring in correlated columns and lines in the remainder of the copy transformed into a reverse-reading printing form.

It is still another object of this invention to provide for such a method according to which the numerical values represented by the markings can be read out by photoelectric means line by line and column by column and particularly selectively from selected lines which correspond to lines selected for being printed from the form.

Moreover, it is an object of this invention to provide for a method according to which the above mentioned markings are also printed on the printed sheets in the printed operation so that these markings can be read out by photoelectric means in a similar manner also from the printed sheets.

With above objects in view the invention includes in a 3,470,357 Patented Sept. 30, 1969 method of recording copy on printing form sheet material so as to have its front face carry a direct-reading image of such copy and its rear face carry a reverse-reading corresponding printing form, in combination, the steps of: producing by typing on the front face of printing form sheet material the direct-reading image of copy containing specific items of information arranged in at least one column and, Within such column, in a plurality of lines; simultaneously producing on the rear face of said material a corresponding reverse-reading printing form; and producing at least on the rear face of printing form sheet material markings adapted to be read out by photoelectric means and arranged in at least one column and, within such column, in a plurality of lines respectively corresponding to said column and lines of said image on said front face, each of said markings representing by its symbolic composition and by its location in the particular column and line the corresponding item of information located on said front face in the respectively corresponding column and line, so that said markings on said rear face of the printing form sheet material can be read out by photoelectric pick-up means during a printing operation.

In another aspect of this invention it includes in a method of evaluating printable information, the st ps of: producing by typing on the front face of printing form sheet material the direct-reading image of copy containing numerical information arranged in at least one column and, within such column, in a plurality of lines; simultaneously producing on the rear face of said material a corresponding reverse-reading printing form; producing at least on the rear face of printing form sheet material markings adapted to be read out by photoelectric means and arranged in at least one column and, within such column, in a plurality of lines respectively corresponding to said column and lines of said image on said front face, each of said markings representing by its symbolic composition and by its location in the particular column and line the respective value of the particular numerical information located on said front face in the respectively corresponding column and line; placing said printing form sheet material in printing position on a rotary type printing machine with said rear face and printing form facing outwardly and with said markings exposed to the outside; during a printing operation carried out with said printing form, reading out said markings by applying photoelectric pickup means thereto; and evaluating the signals derived thereby from said markings.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a piece of printing form sheet material containing typed numerical information in a plurality of columns and, within these columns, arranged in a plurality of lines, and containing also corresponding columns of markings, arranged within these columns in lines, corresponding to the numerical information which is direct reading on the front side of this sheet;

FIG. 2 is a similar piece of printing form sheet material containing the same columns and lines of numerical information and of corresponding markings except that in this case the markings in each column thereof are arranged in two vertical columnar rows wherever the numerical value to be represented exceeds a certain minimum value;

FIG. 3 is a similar illustration of a piece of printing form sheet material containing again numerical information in columns and lines and corresponding markings in corresponding columns and lines, except that in this case the individual markings represent the corresponding numerical values in accordance with a code system;

FIG. 3a is an illustration of the code used for the markings in FIG. 3;

FIG. 4 is an illustration similar to FIG. 3 except that in this case the right hand marginal portion of the sheet is folded back upon the front face thereof along the line X in FIG. 3 and the markings on the now available rear face of the sheet are produced directly by typing in the same manner as the direct-reading numerical information to the left;

FIG. 5 illustrates a practical example of a printing form prepared in accordance with the invention and showing on the front face thereof in addition to the regular copy containing numerical information in columns and lines also the respectively corresponding markings typed on the front face and appearing on the rear face as reproducible printing form elements in the same manner as all the other printing form elements appearing on the rear face in accordance with the ordinary copy typed on the front face; and

FIG. 6 illustrates in a diagrammatic way a printing arrangement with a printing form prepared according to the invention in printing position together with arrangements for reading out the markings by photoelectric means.

It should be understood that the invention deals with a problem that never has been solved before or taken into consideration so that the solution of this problem in itself constitutes novelty. In particular it was not known to produce markings as elements of the printing form by typing these markings on the front face together with the directreading copy or in the same manner as the latter.

In accordance with the invention these specific markings adapted to be read out by photoelectric means are arranged in columns and lines respectively corresponding to the numerical values represented by direct-reading and reverse-reading typed portions of the general copy, and the individual markings may be produced by typing with the aid of auxiliary type faces temporarily attached by clamping or clipping to selected ones of the ordinary and not needed types of a typewriter. The individual markings are composed of a variable number of marking elements representing by their number directly or in accordance with a code system the numerical values which the are to represent. In reading out these markings the photoelectric means would count the number of markings or evaluate their number and relative positions in accordance with the selected code system.

Specifically, the number of marking elements which represent a particular numerical value may be arranged in one vertical column or they may be arranged in two vertical columnar rows within a particular column if the total number of marking elements has to exceed a certain minimum e.g. the number five. Moreover, in another modification of the arrangement the system may be chosen in such a manner that one half of the counting impulses obtained by reading out the markings by photoelectric means is determined by the location of the markings on the printing form, while the other half of the counting impulses is determined by the number and/ or the location of additional markings.

It is most advantageous if in carrying out the method accordng to the invention the markings are produced directly by typing as images produced from the typewriter ribbon or from a carbon sheet on a portion of the printing form sheet folded back upon its face, or without such folding back of that portion, by typing on the front face of the sheet and having a hectographic or regular carbon sheet located behind the printing form sheet material so that in either case the markings appear on the rear face of the printing form sheet material which carries the copy in reverse-reading fashion. However, it would be still within the scope of this invention if one portion of the markings mentioned above are produced on a portion of the main or ordinary printing form sheet While another portion of the markings are produced on an auxiliary printing form sheet in which case the markngs on both these sheets may be read out in accordance with their arrangement in lines and columns and the resulting counting impulses may be then transmitted to storage or printing devices associated with both types of markings. It is only of importance that as a rule the markings are produced in such a manner that they constitute a portion of the printing form and are thus reproducible and will appear line by line and column by column on the sheets to be printed in the printing operation so that an evaluation of the numerical values represented by the now printed markings may be carried out in the same manner as provided for reading out the reverse reading side of the printing form.

It is further suggested that in all those cases where the reproduction or printing apparatus is adapted to carry out the well known selective printing method whereby individual lines from the printing form can be selected for being reproduced during a printing operation, also the read out photoelectric means are so controlled or controllable that also the reading out operation is carried out only for those lines which are selected for being printed.

Accordingly the printing operation following the production of the printing forms according to the invention is preferably carried out with the aid of rotary duplicator machines which are adapted to reproduce selectively the copy either by selecting lines or sections of the printing form or printing the entire copy from the printing form so that these printed sheets obtained thereby may be used for various purposes in a commercial or industrial organization e.g. for planning operations, for handling orders and counting procedures. In all these cases the reverse-reading printing form is bound to contain numerical informations e.g. quantities, time indications and the like. These will appear in carrying out the method according to the invention in a direct-reading form on the front face of the printing form sheet and in reverse-reading fashion on the rear printing face thereof but both these phases of the copy to be printed are ordinarily produced by typing on the front face while reverse images are produced by a carbon sheet facing the rear face of the printing form. Of course, it will be understood that in certain cases or in emergencies occasionally numerical symbols and markings may also be produced instead of by typing by hand of an operator using a suitable writing utensil.

The markings appearing in the columns 58 are shown in a form which should be considered only as an example because other symbols might be used to the same effect. The main point is that these markings can be read out by photoelectric means Without additional difficulties. The production of the markings in the column 5-8 is effected no matter whether they are in coded or in other form, preferably by typing these markings as symbols on the front face of the printing form sheet material by means of well known exchangeable auxiliary type faces which can be clamped or clipped onto the ordinary type lever ends. Such auxiliary attachable types faces are known, e.g. in Germany under the trade name Typit and are obtainable by the Dreusicke Company in Berlin, Germany.

In the example illustrated by FIG. 1 the numerical information in the printing form is arranged in four columns 1, 2, 3, and 4 and in consecutive crossing line portions. In the first line of these columns the four-digit value 1376 is shown and in the same line further to the right in corresponding four columns 5, 6, 7, 8, respectively, markings 9 are applied which comprise each a number of marking elements namely horizontal dashes the number of which respectively corresponds to the decimal number in the columns 1, 2, 3 and 4, as can be seen. Consequently, the numerical values apeparing in the column 1 will be represented by corresponding markings in column 5 of the same line, the numerical values appearing in column 2 will appear in the form of corresponding markings in the column 6 of the same line, similarly the numerical values of column 3 will appear in column 7 and the numerical values of column 4 will appear in column 8. It will be understand readily that it is much simpler to read out numerical values by scanning the markings described above and appearing in columns 5-8 than it would be to read out by photoelectric means directly the decimal number symbols as they appear in the columns 1-4. Of course this system can be modified in certain cases in which the typing and printing of direct reading numerical information as appearing in columns 14 in FIG. 1 is omitted and only the markings in columns 5-8 are produced so that the actual numerical information is kept secret and cant be read directly from the front face of the printing form sheet nor from its rear face before the printing or from the printed sheets after the printing, and the secrecy of the information is maintained if the markings are constructed in accordance with a certain secret code.

FIG. 2 differs from the example according to FIG. 1 in one point only. As can be seen from FIG. 1 the number of marking elements namely of horizontal dashes corresponds to the numerical value the particular marking is intended to represent. It can be seen that for instance in the case of representing the numerical value 9 nine dashes must be squeezed into the space of one line. This may be inconvenient and may cause difficulties in the reading out operation if the lines are not produced with perfect clarity. Therefore FIG. 2 is intended to show an improved system in which case in each column for instance in columns 7 and 8 the number of horizontal dashes or marking elements in each line of the form is limited to five so that for instance the numerical value 7 is represented by one columnar vertical row containing five marking elements and a second columnar row next to it containing two marking elements. In a similar manner in column 8 a first vertical columnar row 16 comprising five marking elements is provided and in a second columnar row 11 thereof a single marking element which group of marking elements constitute a total marking representing the decimal number six in the same line and in the corresponding column 4 at the left.

Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 3a it will be seen that example according to FIG. 3 corresponds to the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2 except that the numerical values are represented in columns 5-8 by coded markings 12, the code being shown by FIG. 3a. It can be seen that the numerical value 1376 in columns 1-4 is correctly represented in the same line but in columns 5-8 by coded marking elements in accordance with the code shown by FIG. 3a. The use of such code may not only be advantageous for the purpose of a certain secrecy but also will facilitate and improve the reading out operation because the number of line elements constituting the markings is reduced. Of course the reading out photoelectric arrangement must be so constructed that it is adapted to convert the coded impulse signals into corresponding numerical or digital information.

As mentioned above it may be assumed in the first place that all the indications which are direct readable numerical information on the front face of the printing form sheet as well as the markings in columns 5-8 as they appear on the front face of the sheet are produced as a rule by typing with a suitable hectographic carbon sheet placed on the rear side of the sheet so that in the well known manner reverse readable information exactly corresponding to the direct-reading information on the front face will appear on the rear face and thus constitute the printing form. However, there may be certain cases in which it is not desired to reproduce in the printing operation the above mentioned markings in columns 58.

In order to produce nevertheless markings on the rear face of the printing form sheet in such a manner that these markings can be read out by photoelctric means during the printing operation, a modified form of the method according to the invention may be employed. This is illustrated by FIG. 4. In this case the right-hand marginal portion of the sheet illustrated by FIG. 3 is folded back upon the face thereof along the line X of FIG. 3 so that now in the same manner as the numbers in columns 1-4 are typed on the front face of the sheet the corresponding markings may be typed directly on the now accessible rear face in columns 5', 6', 7, 8 as illustrated. After the typing operation the folded back portion may be turned back into regular position as indicated by the arrows so that now on the rear face the markings will appear as described before except that these markings will not be reproducible.

FIG. 5 illustrates a practical example of applying the invention to the production of certain printed information. FIG. 5 illustrates a shop order form containing typed-in numerical information, particularly the numerical information contained in columns 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the corresponding markings in columns 5, 6, 7, 8. It can be seen that the numerical information contained in three consecutive lines of columns 1-4 corresponds to the numerical information contained in the first three lines of columns 14 in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4. It is easy to understand that the number of columns both in the direct-reading information as in the markings may be increased to more than the four columns described above just as the requirements arise in various applications of the invention. It will also be understood that in certain cases the numerical indications for instance in columns 1-4 may be replaced by some other symbolical indication, may be an abbreviation, and in such cases a corresponding code marking would have to be used to represent the meaning of such other indication or abbreviation.

It will be understood that FIG. 5 may be considered as the illustration of a printing form sheet which carries as can be seen on its front face all the copy to be reproduced in the printing operation and also the markings in columns 58, and it would have to be understood that the same copy including the markings appear in reverse-reading form on the rear face thereof as the actual printing form. On the other hand, FIG. 5 would as well serve as an illustration of one printed sheet obtained by using the above mentioned printing form in the printing operation. In this case of course no information Would appear on the rear face of this printed sheet but all the information which can be seen in FIG. 5 including the markings would appear on the front face thereof.

FIG. 6 illustrates by way of example a printing arrangement adapted to be used in connection with the present invention. Only the essential members of the printing apparatus required for explaining the invention are shown in FIG. 6 and the photoelectric means and accessories thereof are shown only in block form. It should be understood that the composition of the electrical circuit arrangement is not binding because the various components thereof may be arranged and connected in different Ways depending upon the purpose and subsequent use of the information read out by photoelectric means from the markings. The printing form sheet prepared in accordance with the invention described above is mounted in a conventional manner on the circumference of a printing machine drum 22 in such a manner that the rear face 23 of the printing form faces outwardly. Consequently the digits of columns 1-4 appear as reverse-reading images in first line portions and the same manner appear the corresponding markings in columns 5-8 in second line portions so that the same information is represented by aligned correlated first and second line portions. For the sake of clarity in FIG. 6 the other portions of the copy appearing in FIG. 5 have been left off in order to show more clearly the numerical information in columns 1-4 and the markings in columns 5-8. Four electro-optical read-out or pick-up heads 13 are positioned alongside the drum 22 so that they are capable of reading out the information contained in the markings appearing in columns 8 whenever the drum 22 is rotated in the direction of the arrow. The printing apparatus illustrated is assumed to be adapted for printing line portions having digit images from the form 23 selectivity. For the purpose of this selection conventional means may be used which are not shown in FIG. 6 since they do not form part of this invention. However in order to control also the photoelectric means in a corresponding manner namely to read out only the information contained in markings located in lines corresponding to the lines selected for printing, a line selector 24 is mounted stationarily but concentric with the shaft of the drum 22. A pick-up amplifier is connected with the photoelectric read out heads 13 in conventional manner and is controlled in its operation by the selector 24. For this purpose the selector 24 is equipped with a plurality of contact buttons 25 each corresponding to a different line of the copy represented by the printed form 23. Each of the buttons 25 is connected by a different selector switch 27 with the control means of conventional type container in the amplifier 15. A control circuit for these control means may be closed via a line 25' and a selector contact arm 26 connected conductively with line 25, the outer end of the arm 26 contacting consecutively during the rotation of the drum 22 on whose shaft it is mounted the consecutive buttons 25. Consequently, by closing one or the other or several of the selector switches 27 the control circuit for the amplifier will be closed to effect reading out of the markings of a line portion always at the moment When the contact arm 26 contacts a button which corresponds to a line of images of digits of the printing form to be printed provided that the respectively corresponding selector switch 27 has been moved to closed position.

If now during the printing operation a group of markings in columns 5 8 or in any one thereof passes in front of the battery of read out heads 13 impulses corresponding to the particular type of markings will be produced and transmitted in amplified form to the amplifier 15, depending upon its control by the selector switches 27 as described above, to a relay storage device 19 where the impulses representing by their number or spacing numerical values as explained above will be stored in a predetermined reference to the particular columns and lines within these columns. If desired, together with the storage of these impulses an optical indicator 18 may be caused to give an optical signal which depending upon desires and requirement may represent the numerical value of the read out line or a totalization result. A synchronizer 14 cooperating with the rotation of the drum 22 for determining the rhythm of the sequence of consecutive lines of the form 23 as they pass consecutively by the read out heads 13, a reducer 16 and a coordinator 17 may be provided for controlling correspondingly the rhythm of the operation of the relay storage 19. In this manner it is made impossible that the value of a particular line is wrongly stored. After one full revolution of the drum 22, i.e., after the completion of one printing operation, the relay storage 19 would transmit the stored values, depending upon the circuitry used, either to a permanent storage 20 or directly to a data processing unit 21 which carries out the evaluation of the received information and may at the same time control a printer 28 or the like.

If during a continued printing operation one particular line or group of lines is repeatedly reproduced on a sequence of printing sheets the read out operation is not repeated as soon as the read out value is stored in the storage 20. This means that the read out heads 13 and the corresponding amplifier 15 is switched off in a conventional manner as soon as the first revolution of the drum 22 in the course of a sequence of printing operations without changing of the selection of lines is completed. Whenever a new line or group of lines is selected by closing the respectively corresponding selector switch or switches 27 the read out heads 13 and the amplifier 15 are again switched on but again only for the duration of one revolution of the dum 22, i.e., until again the first revolution or printing operation is completed. The reading out and the evaluation of the numerical values is carried out in the second operation in the same manner as described above. Depending upon the construction of the permanent storage 20 the values of all the printing lines or groups of lines may be evaluated at the end of a completed printing operation depending upon requirements.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of a method of producing a reverse-reading printing form and of evaluating printable information differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in producing a reverse-reading printing form and of evaluating printable information by means of markings respectively corresponding to the information to be evaluated, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A method of printing and evaluating data on a printing form, comprising, in combination, the steps of producing on one side of a printing form blank, reverse reading printable images disposed in a plurality of first columns and in first line portions crossing said columns; producing on said one side of said printing form blank, spaced from said printable images, markings disposed in a plurality of second columns respectively correlated with said first columns, and in second line portions crossing said second columns, and being respectively correlated with said first line portions; selecting the printable images and markings which are located in pairs of correlated first and second columns and the line portions to represent the same information; placing a selected pair of correlated first and second line portions having printable images and markings representing the same information simultaneously in printing and read-out positions, respectively; printing said printable images of said first line portion in said printing position on a copy sheet to form a legible text line; electronically reading out said markings of said second line portion in said read-out position; and storing the read-out information represented by said sensed markings for data processing the information contained in said legible text line printed on said copy sheet.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second correlated line portions are aligned with each other, respectively, to form lines on the printing form, so that information contained in selected line of said printing form can be simultaneously printed and read out.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising placing a carbon sheet in contact with said one side of said blank; and typing direct reading images on the other side of said printing form blank so that during typing of said direct reading images, said reverse reading images are produced by said carbon sheet.

4. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein said markings are produced by typing dashes.

5. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein said markings are typed on the other side of said blank, and images of said typed markings are produced by said carbon sheet on said one side of said blank.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said reverse reading images are reverse reading images of digits; wherein correlated markings and digits represent to same number; and wherein each marking consists of marked elements whose number is the same as the number of the digit of the correlated image.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said re verse reading images are reverse reading images of digits; wherein correlated markings and digits represent the same number; and wherein each marking consists of marking elements, the marking elements of at least some of said markings being disposed in two column rows forming at least one of said second columns, said marking elements of each marking representing the number of the correlated digit image in coded form.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising folding over a marginal portion of said printing form blank extending in column direction so that said one side of said folded over portion partly covers the other side of said blank; placing a carbon sheet in contact with said one side of said blank; typing direct reading images on the uncovered portion of said other side of said blank so that reverse reading images are produced on said one side of said blank by said carbon sheet; and typing said markings on said folded over portion so that when said portion is unfolded, said markings are located on the same face of said printing form as said reverse reading images.

9. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising making said markings of a substance adapted to form imprints when in contact with a copy sheet so that a duplicate can be made by imprinting said images and markings on a copy sheet.

10. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising synchronizing said printing of said first line portion with said reading-out of said second line portion so that the images in said first lin portion are printed simultaneously with the reading out of the markings of the correlated second line portion.

11. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second correlated line portions are aligned with each other, respectively, to form lines on the printing form containing images and markings spaced from said images in the direction of the respective line; and comprising moving said printing form in column direction to simultaneously place selected first line portions in said printing position, and selected second line portions in said read-out position.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,085,826 7/1937 OBrien 282-22 X 2,350,893 6/1944 Hofgaard 340146.3 X 1,795,378 3/1931 Ritzerfeld 101-472 2,788,879 4/1957 Rand 19'7172 X 2,953,087 9/1960 Ritzerfeld 10191 3,083,637 4/ 1963 Ritzerfeld 10191 3,238,501 3/1966 Mak 340-1463 MAYNARD P. WILBUR, Primary Examiner R. F. GNUSE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 

